Research Guides: APA 7th edition: Home

About APA 7

NorQuest College uses the 7th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.

The purpose of APA citation is to:

Identify other people’s ideas and information used within your paper.
Document the authors or sources of these ideas in a Reference list at the end of your paper.

For step-by-step help on how to research, visit the Learn to Research guide.

To learn more about formatting in APA, complete these tutorials.

This guide is not comprehensive. It is meant to address common questions that NorQuest students have.

If a learner is in doubt about whether a generative AI tool can be used for a particular assignment, the learner should speak with their instructor.

Please visit and use the APA Style Website for more reference examples and detailed explanations, including:

Six Steps to Proper Citation

APA Guide FAQ Punjabi Translation

Introduction to APA Course

This online course introduces essential skills and concepts to help you understand and apply the APA Citation Style.

If you are a NorQuest student required to complete the Intro to APA for class, use the link here to self-enroll in the course. You will receive a digital badge upon completion that you can share with your instructor. https://myclass.norquest.ca/course/view.php?id=20423

To preview the parts of the course, please click on the linked images below. Note that the preview site will not grant a completion badge.

Introduction	Reference Citations	In-text Citations	Format & Proofreading

Referencing Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers

NorQuest Library has noted that the formal APA style does not have a format to acknowledge Indigenous Elders and Knowledge Keepers as a reference. In the spirit of wahkôhtowin and reconciliation, NorQuest College Library continues to follow templates created by Lorisia MacLeod and NorQuest College Indigenous Student Centre staff that meet this need.

How to cite Indigenous Elders & Knowledge Keepers

Unlike other personal communications, Elders and Knowledge Keepers are cited in-text and in the reference list. The in-text citation should follow the same guidelines noted for a paraphrase or direct quote:

Format:

Name of Elder/Knowledge Keeper with year of communication.

Examples:

Delores Cardinal described the nature of the... (2018).

The nature of the place was... (Cardinal, 2018).

How to reference Indigenous Elders or Knowledge Keepers

Format:

Last name, First initial., Nation/Community. Treaty Territory if applicable. Where they live if applicable. Topic/subject of communication if applicable. personal communication. Month Date, Year.

Example:

Cardinal, D., Goodfish Lake Cree Nation. Treaty 6. Lives in Edmonton. Oral teaching. personal communication. April 4, 2004.

Note: If you would like to approach an Elder or Knowledge Keeper for teachings, remember to follow protocol or if you are unsure what their protocol is, please ask them ahead of time.