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APA 7th edition

Webpages

 

Format: 

Author, A. (Year). Title of webpage in italics. Site Name. URL

Example:

Smith, M., & Robinson, L., & Segal, J. (2019). Depression symptoms and warning signs. HelpGuide. https://www.helpguide.org/articles/depression/depression-symptoms-and-warning-signs.htm

 

Name of Group. (Date). Title of webpage in italics. Site Name. URL

  • If author/association have the same name as the website, omit the Site Name.
  • When using multiple pages from the same site, each page has a separate reference.











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Examples:

Webpage with publication date:

Zero to Three. (2016, February 25). Learning to write & draw. https://www.zerotothree.org/resources/305-learning-to-write-and-draw

Webpage with no publication date:

Federal Accessibility Legislation Alliance. (n.d.). Accessible Canada Act in plain language. https://www.include-me.ca/federal-accessibility-legislation-alliance/resource/accessible-canada-act-plain-language

Site Name same as group author:

Mayo Clinic. (n.d.). Depression (major depressive disorder). https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/depression/symptoms-causes/syc-20356007

Site Name different than group author:

Open Education Global. (n.d.). Community of practice for open education. Community College Consortium for OER. https://cccoer.org

 
  • Retrieval information is included only if information may be updated or modified, such as census or population data.

Format:

Name of association. (Date). Title of webpage in italics. Retrieved Month Day, Year, from URL

Example:

Worldometer. (n.d.). Countries in the world by population. Retrieved January 26, 2020, from https://www.worldometers.info/world-population/population-by-country/

 

Format

Author, A. (Year, Month Day). Title of article. Name of website in italics. URL

Example

Urban, T. (2013, July 8). 7 ways to be insufferable on Facebook. Wait But Why. https://waitbutwhy.com/2013/07/7-ways-to-be-insufferable-on-facebook.html

  • Omit site name if same as author (as in example below). 

Geist, M. (2019, May 2). Does Canadian privacy law matter if it can't be enforced? http://www.michaelgeist.ca/2019/05/does-canadian-privacy-law-matter-if-it-cant-be-enforced/​

 

Online dictionaries, encyclopedia, etc.

  • Spelling should conform to the Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary. 
  • Cite what you see. If referencing an archived entry, and the full date of publication (2018, March 26) is not provided, use what information is available to you: (2018, March), (2018), or (n.d.) if there is no year of publication.
  • If you are using an entry that is continuously updated, use "n.d." as year of publication and include a retrieval date in (Month Date, Year) format.
 

Format:

Author. (Year). Title of entry. In Source Information in italics. Retrieved Month Day, Year from URL

Example:

Merriam-Webster. (n.d.). Argue. In Merriam-Webster dictionary. Retrieved December 8, 2016, from https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/argue

 

Format:

Author. (Year). Title of entry. In Source information in italics. Retrieved Month Day, Year from URL. 

Example: 

Cowie, D. (n.d.). A Tribe Called Red. In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved January 5, 2020 from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/a-tribe-called-red

 

Other web resources

 
  • Use the dates of the conference in Year, Month Dates format, e.g. (2020, May 4-6). 

Format

Presenter, A. (Year, Month Dates). Title of contribution in italics [Type of contribution in brackets]. Conference Name, Location. DOI or URL

Example

Scmidt, J. (2018, May). Innovate this! Bullshit in academic libraries and what we can do about it [Paper presentation]. The Canadian Association of Professional Academic Librarians Conference, Regina, Saskatchewan. https://digital.library.ryerson.ca/islandora/object/RULA%3A7113 

 

Format:

Surname, A. (Year, Month Day). Title of PowerPoint in italics [PowerPoint slides]. Site Name. URL

Example:

Simmon, R. (2014, January 25). Four public speaking tips from standup comedians [PowerPoint slides]. Slideshare. https://www.slideshare.net/rosssimmonds/four-public-speaking-tips-from-standup-comedians

 

Format

Author, A.A. [username]. Date. Content of the post up to the first 20 words. [Description of audiovisuals]. Social media site name. URL

Examples are available at APA Style.

Graphic Design Tools

 

Software licenses typically state that you can use content (templates and images) from their library without attribution (but it is appreciated).
Your instructor may approach this differently and expect you to include attribution. Not sure? Ask them.
If they do, follow the format example below:

Format

Designer, A. (year). Title of template in italics [Infographic template]. Software. URL

Example

Designer in your pocket. (n.d.). Beige minimialist 8 health benefits of practicing yoga [Infographic template]. Canva. https://www.canva.com/design/DAF2sdOhXWw/VIyqCi9yTDCqAHEafc9YXg/view?utm_content=DAF2sdOhXWw&utm_campaign=designshare&utm_medium=link&utm_source=editor

This format can be used for Canva and similar online design software tools (Piktochart, etc.). Be sure to check the website for rules about attribution and any limitations on use.

  • If you are adding images not included in the software’s library, then you must cite and reference it in APA style. This will take up room on the infographic, so choose wisely.
  • Facts, ideas, or evidence in your infographic should be traceable. So if someone asks where information or images came from, you should be ready to answer. Your instructor may provide guidance on how they want you to include references & citations in your submission. Otherwise...
  • Create a separate document with a complete reference for any source used and to keep track of how to trace back to details (page or paragraph numbers). Use Word or consider the option of ' +Add page ' and using the new page to keep track of this information. Do not include it with your assignment submission unless your instructor requires it. Example

Artificial Intelligence

 

Format

Name of Group. (Year). Title of work in italics (Version #) [Descriptor]. URL

Example

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 23 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

  • Version: ChatGPT versions include the date. Other AI software may not include date, instead you may see something like (Version 3.8) instead.
  • Descriptor: OpenAI describes ChatGPT as a large language mode. Other AI developers may describe their software differently which should be reflected in brackets.

These guidelines are based on how to cite software according to APA Citation Style. For an explanation of each element (Name of Group, Date, etc.), visit https://apastyle.org/blog/how-to-citechatgpt

In-text citations:

Format: (Name of Group, Year)

Example: (OpenAI, 2023)

 

Text generated by ChatGPT cannot be retrieved in the same ways as an article or website. This means the person reading your paper won't be able to trace back to the source you used to verify your quoted or paraphrased text. However, you are responsible for clearly stating where ideas, facts, and statements come from. It is recommend that you identify the source within your writing. For example:

 

When prompted with the command, "Write a sentence about how cold Canadian winters are," ChatGPT generated the following text: "Canadian winters are notoriously cold and snowy, with temperatures often dropping well below freezing and snowfall lasting for several months" (OpenAI, 2023).

 

If you prompted the software to create a lengthy piece of text to consult, best practice would be to include the entire output as an Appendix to the assignment. For example:

Regarding long-term winter weather changes, ChatGPT noted, "winters are generally becoming milder and warmer in many parts of the world, including in many regions of Canada" (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).

 

 

In-text:

Figure # 

AI Generated Image 

image of a white square

 

 

 

 

 

 

Note. Image generated by the prompt "Canadian Winter," by OpenAI, DALL-E, 2023.

Reference: 

Format: 

Name of Group. (Year). Title of work (Version #) [Descriptor]. URL 

Example:  

OpenAI. (2023). DALL-E (Version 2) [Large language model]. https://labs.openai.com  

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